Post-Entry Quarantine (PEQ) is a matter of key importance for the future success of agriculture in Australia. Being an island continent, Australia is fortunate to not have a range of disease and insect pests that are found in other countries around the world. Each of the crops represented at this conference is dependant on a secure, efficient and cost-effective means of dealing with PEQ in Australia. A summary of the key issues for each of the summer crops will be presented. While PEQ is both a State and Federal Government issue, recent changes at the Queensland State level in particular have left many importers with limited quarantine options. Despite industry concerns, the facility at Eagle Farm has been closed and there is concern that the new Federal quarantine facility will not have the resources to cover the loss of State facilities. The short and long term risks to Australian agriculture will be discussed, including the reduced access to improved germplasm from overseas breeding programs, the subsequent slowing in the rate of genetic gain, and the consequences of inappropriate and possibly illegal germplasm introductions.