Agriculture is changing around the world today. US agriculture is facing cyclical changes in climate, commodity pricing and economics that will greatly increase the volatility and risk associated with production agriculture. This presentation will cover some of the short and long term impacts of these changes on crops and farmers. Specifically comparisons will be made to compare and contrast US sorghum to other US summer crops on key issues related to R&D funding , how US government involvement impacts producer profitability and farm level decisions. Additionally, developments in US biofuels have and will impact crops in the US and internationally. Finally, challenges will be presented on resource issues facing US producers including water resources and human capital.